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Research out on Masks wearing-You May be the Surprised of the verdict
Research out on Masks wearing-You May be the Surprised of the verdict Sis Cee Cee 15 Views • 2 years ago

RCTs did not show a clear reduction in respiratory viral infection with the use of medical/surgical masks.

There were no clear differences between the use of medical/surgical masks compared with N95/P2 respirators in healthcare workers,

when used in routine care to reduce respiratory viral infection.

Do physical measures such as hand-washing or wearing masks stop or slow down the spread of respiratory viruses?

https://www.cochranelibrary.co....m/cdsr/doi/10.1002/1

Evidence published up to October 2022.

Background

Influenza (H1N1) caused by the H1N1pdm09 virus in 2009

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Update of a Cochrane Review last published in 2020.

We include results from studies from the current COVID-19 pandemic.

Main results

11 new RCTs and cluster-RCTs n = 610,872

Bringing the total number of RCTs to 78



Medical/surgical masks compared to no masks

Wearing masks in the community probably makes little or no difference to the outcome of influenza‐like illness

wearing a mask may make little to no difference in how many people caught a flu-like illness/COVID-like illness

Risk ratio (RR) 0.95, (0.84 to 1.09)

9 trials, n = 276,917 participants

Moderate-certainty evidence.

Wearing masks in the community probably makes little or no difference to the outcome of laboratory-confirmed influenza/SARS-CoV-2

RR 1.01, (CI 0.72 to 1.42)

6 trials, n = 13,919

Moderate-certainty evidence

Harms were rarely measured and poorly reported

(very low-certainty evidence).

N95/P2 respirators compared to medical/surgical masks

We pooled trials comparing N95/P2 respirators with medical/surgical masks

We are very uncertain on the effects of N95/P2 respirators compared with medical/surgical masks on the outcome of clinical respiratory illness

Compared with wearing medical or surgical masks, wearing N95/P2 respirators probably makes little to no difference in how many people have confirmed flu and may make little to no difference in how many people catch a flu-like illness, or respiratory illness.

Confirmed influenza

RR 0.70, (0.45 to 1.10)

N = 7,779

Very low-certainty evidence

Influenza like illness

N95/P2 respirators compared with medical/surgical masks may be effective for ILI

RR 0.82

N= 8,407

Low-certainty evidence

The use of a N95/P2 respirators compared to medical/surgical masks

Probably makes little or no difference for laboratory-confirmed influenza infection

RR 1.10

N = 8,407

Moderate-certainty evidence

Restricting pooling to healthcare workers made no difference to the overall findings.

Harms were poorly measured and reported

Discomfort wearing medical/surgical masks or N95/P2 respirators was mentioned in several studies

Very low-certainty evidence

One new RCT

Medical/surgical masks were non-inferior to N95 respirators

N = 1,009 healthcare workers in four countries,

providing direct care to COVID-19 patients.

The Untold Massacre Of Black Wall Street-Sit and View with your Youth
The Untold Massacre Of Black Wall Street-Sit and View with your Youth Sis Cee Cee 49 Views • 2 years ago

The Untold Massacre Of Black Wall Street

More black history content -
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Shalom Living Tidbit: Experts keep Track-Excess deaths in 30 countries
Shalom Living Tidbit: Experts keep Track-Excess deaths in 30 countries Sis Cee Cee 27 Views • 2 years ago

US, Weekly Cumulative All-Cause Excess Deaths

https://www.usmortality.com

https://www.usmortality.com/deaths/excess-cumulative/united-states

Excess deaths 2022 (Up to December 1st) 242,224

https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n....1/pub/71-607-x/71-60

https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&SDDS=3233

Australian Bureau of Statistics

Provisional Mortality Statistics

Reference period, Jan - Sep 2022

144,650 deaths that occurred by 30 September

19,986 (16.0%) more than the historical average.

Deaths attributed to covid, 8,160

October covid deaths, 232

Australia, September 2022

13,675 deaths (doctor certified)

1,814 were coroner referred.

UK, ONS

https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplep....opulationandcommunit

UK Prevalence

2.61% in England (1 in 40 people)

3.94% in Wales (1 in 25 people)

4.22% in Northern Ireland (1 in 25 people)

3.26% in Scotland (1 in 30 people)

Deaths and excess deaths (W/E week 13th January 2023)

A total of 19,916 deaths were registered in the UK

20.4% above the five-year average.

Covid UK deaths

1,059 deaths involving COVID-19 registered

(up 842 on the week)

Deaths involving COVID-19 accounted for 5.3% of all deaths

UK, Office for Health Improvement

https://www.gov.uk/government/....statistics/excess-mo

Excess deaths in all age groups, (0 to 24 years)
UK, Institute and Faculty of Actuaries

https://actuaries.org.uk/news-....and-media-releases/n

Mortality rates in 2022 compare to 2019 at different ages

2022, mortality, 7.8% higher for ages 20-44

In the UK, the second half of 2022

26,300 excess deaths,

compared to 4,700 in the first half of 2022

Europe, EuroMOMO, Bulletin week 2 2023

https://www.euromomo.eu

Pooled EuroMOMO, all-cause mortalit

Elevated level of excess mortality,

overall and in all age groups.

Data from 25 European countries or subnational regions

Average levels from pre 2020

https://www.health.govt.nz/nz-....health-statistics/he

https://www.stats.govt.nz/topics/births-and-deaths

Year ended September 2021, total of 34,578 deaths

Year ended September 2022, total of 38,052 deaths

MUST SEE: G20 SUMMIt-Global leader update-The next pandemic
MUST SEE: G20 SUMMIt-Global leader update-The next pandemic Sis Cee Cee 66 Views • 2 years ago

G20 Bali Leaders’ DeclarationArgentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Japan, India, Indonesia, Italy, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union.https://www.consilium.europa.e....u/en/press/press-rel 22We recognize that the extensive COVID-19 immunization is a global public goodSection 23We recognize the need for strengthening local and regional health product manufacturing capacitiesWe support the WHO mRNA Vaccine Technology Transfer hubWe acknowledge the importance of shared technical standards and verification methods, to facilitate seamless international travel, interoperability, and recognizing digital solutions and non-digital solutions, including proof of vaccinations. Establishment of trusted global digital health networks,that should capitalize and build on the success of the existing standards and digital COVID-19 certificates. Part 24The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the transformation of the digital ecosystem and digital economy. We recognize the importance of digital transformation in reaching the SDGs. We also reaffirm the role of data for development, economic growth and social well-being. G20 updatehttps://www.g20.org/wp-content..../uploads/2022/11/202 to move towards interoperability of systems including mechanisms that validate proof of vaccination, whilst respecting the sovereignty of national health policies, and relevant national regulations such as personal data protection and data-sharing.” Indonesia’s Minister of Health Budi Gunadi Sadikin https://twitter.com/TimHinchli....ffe/status/159223282 countries should adopt digital health certificate using WHO standardsLet’s have a digital health certificate acknowledged by WHO — if you have been vaccinated or tested properly — then you can move around(next World Health Assembly in Geneva) WHO seem to be on it alreadyhttps://www.who.int/publicatio....ns/i/item/WHO-2019-n documentation of COVID-19 certificates: vaccination status: technical specifications and implementation guidance, 27 August 2021Use of scan codesKlaus Schwab, World Economic Forum (WEF) ChairAttendedFrom a doctor in AustriaIt is currently a very emotional situation in my hospital (and in general in hospitals in Austria) because many of us in the health care sector are more or less forced to get a fourth vaccine dose.

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